Research / Campaigns

SAILTOBS

Targeted Observations of Blowing Snow during SAIL

1 September 2022 - 15 June 2023

Lead Scientist: Aaron Kennedy

Observatory: AMF (ARM Mobile Facility 2) - GUC

SAIL-TOBS will deploy additional instrumentation including the Open Snowflake Camera for Research and Education (OSCRE) and FlowCapt FC4 acoustic mass flux sensors to observe mixed-phase and frozen hydrometeors during the second winter of the SAIL campaign. Microphysical observations from OSCRE will complement available in situ and remotely sensed platforms deployed with the AMF2. Observations acquired will include images of hydrometeors, derived particle size distributions (PSDs, d > 50μm), and blowing snow mass flux. These observations will be used to identify periods of falling/blowing snow to understand conditions leading up to and during these events.

Browse Data

Campaign Links

Baseline Instruments

Related Publications

View all

Kötsche et al. "Snow microphysical processes in orographic turbulence revealed by cloud radar and in situ snowfall camera observations". 2026. 10.5194/acp-26-3277-2026.

Related Campaigns

Surface Atmosphere Integrated Field Laboratory (SAIL)

Timeline

GUC Data Sources

Name	Full Name	Browse Data
`ACSM`	Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor	Browse Data
`ACSMCDCE`	ACSM, corrected for composition-dependent collection efficiency	Browse Data
`AERI`	Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer	Browse Data
`AERINF`	AERI Noise Filtered	Browse Data
`AOD-MFRSR`	Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) derived from MFRSR measurements	Browse Data
`AOP`	Aerosol Optical Properties	Browse Data
`AOS`	Aerosol Observing System	Browse Data
`AOSMET`	Meteorological Measurements associated with the Aerosol Observing System	Browse Data
`AREALAVEALB`	Areal-Averaged Surface Albedo	Browse Data
`ARMBE`	ARM Best Estimate Data Products	Browse Data
`ARMTRAJ`	Airmass trajectories to support studies using ARM data	Browse Data
`ARMTRAJ-AIR`	Airmass trajectories to support studies using ARM Aerial Facility (AAF) data.	Browse Data
`CAMINST`	camera that monitors an instrument	Browse Data
`CAMSITE`	camera that monitors a site area	Browse Data
`CCN`	Cloud Condensation Nuclei Particle Counter	Browse Data
`CCNKAPPA`	CCN Counter derived hygroscopicity parameter kappa	Browse Data
`CEIL`	Ceilometer	Browse Data
`CEILPBLHT`	Boundary-layer height data with CEIL	Browse Data
`CLDTYPE`	Cloud Type Classification	Browse Data
`CLOUDRADARCOR`	Cloud Radar (KAZR, KAZR2, or MWACR) Corrected VAP	Browse Data
`CO-ANALYZER`	Carbon Monoxide Analyzer	Browse Data
`CPC`	Condensation Particle Counter	Browse Data
`CSPHOT`	Sunphotometer	Browse Data
`DL`	Doppler Lidar	Browse Data
`DLPROF-WIND`	Doppler Lidar Wind	Browse Data
`DLPROF-WSTATS`	Doppler Lidar Vertical Velocity Statistics	Browse Data
`ECMWFDIAG`	European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts Diagnostic Analyses	Browse Data
`ECOR`	Eddy Correlation Flux Measurement System	Browse Data
`GENSTATE`	Generator State	Browse Data
`GNDRAD`	Ground Radiometers on Stand for Upwelling Radiation	Browse Data
`HSRL`	High Spectral Resolution Lidar	Browse Data
`HTDMA`	Humidified Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer	Browse Data
`INS`	Ice Nucleation Spectrometer for INP measurement	Browse Data
`INTERPSONDE`	Interpolated Sonde	Browse Data
`IRT`	Infrared Thermometer	Browse Data
`KAZR`	Ka ARM Zenith Radar	Browse Data
`KAZRARSCL`	Active Remote Sensing of CLouds (ARSCL) product using Ka-band ARM Zenith Radars	Browse Data
`LDIS`	Laser Disdrometer	Browse Data
`LDQUANTS`	Laser Disdrometer Quantities	Browse Data
`LIDARAEROMASK`	aerosol feature mask	Browse Data
`MAWS`	Automatic Weather Station	Browse Data
`MET`	Surface Meteorological Instrumentation	Browse Data
`MFR`	Multifilter Radiometer	Browse Data
`MFRSR`	Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer	Browse Data
`MFRSRCLDOD`	Cloud Optical Properties from MFRSR Using Min Algorithm	Browse Data
`MICROBASE`	Continuous Baseline Microphysical Retrieval	Browse Data
`MPL`	Micropulse Lidar	Browse Data
`MPLCMASK`	Cloud mask from Micropulse Lidar	Browse Data
`MPLCMASKML`	Micropulse Lidar Cloud Mask Machine Learning VAP	Browse Data
`MWR`	Microwave Radiometer	Browse Data
`MWR3C`	Microwave Radiometer, 3 Channel	Browse Data
`MWRRET`	MWR Retrievals	Browse Data
`MWRRETV2`	MWR Retrievals with MWRRET Version 2	Browse Data
`NEPHELOMETER`	Nephelometer	Browse Data
`OPC`	Optical Particle Counter	Browse Data
`OZONE`	Ozone Monitor	Browse Data
`PBLHT`	Planetary Boundary Layer Height	Browse Data
`PBLHTBEML`	Planetary Boundary Layer Height Best Estimate using Machine Learning	Browse Data
`PSAP`	Particle Soot Absorption Photometer	Browse Data
`QCECOR`	Quality Controlled Eddy Correlation Flux Measurement	Browse Data
`QCRAD`	Data Quality Assessment for ARM Radiation Data	Browse Data
`RADCLSS`	Extracted Radar Columns and In-Situ Sensors (RadCLss)	Browse Data
`RADFLUXANAL`	Radiative Flux Analysis	Browse Data
`RWP`	Radar Wind Profiler	Browse Data
`SEBS`	Surface Energy Balance System	Browse Data
`SKYRAD`	Sky Radiometers on Stand for Downwelling Radiation	Browse Data
`SMPS`	Scanning mobility particle sizer	Browse Data
`SONDE`	Balloon-Borne Sounding System	Browse Data
`SONDEGRID`	Gridded Sonde VAP Product	Browse Data
`SONDEPARAM`	convective parameters derived from radiosonde data	Browse Data
`SP2`	Single Particle Soot Photometer	Browse Data
`SPHOTCOD`	Cloud optical depth retrieved from multi-channel sunphotometer	Browse Data
`SQUIRE`	Surface QUantitatIve pRecipitation Estimation (SQUIRE)	Browse Data
`TBSCPC`	Condensation Particle Counter aboard Tethered Balloon System	Browse Data
`TBSGROUND`	Tethered Balloon System Ground Measurement	Browse Data
`TBSINS`	Ice Nucleation Spectrometer for INP measurements aboard Tethered Balloon System	Browse Data
`TBSMERGED`	Tethered Balloon System (TBS) Merged Data Product	Browse Data
`TBSMET`	Meteorological Instrumentation aboard TBS	Browse Data
`TBSPOPS`	Portable Optical Particle Spectrometer aboard Tethered Balloon System	Browse Data
`TBSWIND`	Anemometers aboard Tethered Balloon System	Browse Data
`THERMOCLDPHASE`	Thermodynamic Cloud Phase	Browse Data
`TROPOE`	Tropospheric Optimal Estimation Retrieval	Browse Data
`TSI`	Total Sky Imager	Browse Data
`UHSAS`	Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer	Browse Data
`VARANAL`	Constrained Variational Analysis	Browse Data
`VISST`	Minnis Cloud Products Using Visst Algorithm	Browse Data
`WB`	Weighing Bucket Precipitation Gauge	Browse Data
`XPRECIPCMAC`	CSU X-Band Precip Radar (XPRECIPRADAR) PPI Corrected Moments to Antenna Coord	Browse Data
`XPRECIPRADAR`	X-Band Precipitation Radar	Browse Data
`XPRECIPRADARHP`	Surface Hydrometeor Phase	Browse Data